LOW GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIVERGENCE IN A CONTACT ZONE BETWEEN FRESHWATER AND MARINE STICKLEBACKS: GENE FLOW CONSTRAINS ADAPTATION

Low genetic and phenotypic divergence in a contact zone between freshwater and marine sticklebacks: gene flow constrains adaptation

Abstract Background Distinct hybrid zones and phenotypic and genomic divergence is often observed between marine and freshwater threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus).Nevertheless, cases also exist where marine-freshwater divergence is diffuse despite seemingly similar environmental settings.In order to assess what characterizes these hig

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Mission Reliability-Oriented Selective Maintenance Optimization for Intelligent Multistate Manufacturing Systems With Uncertain Maintenance Quality

Selective maintenance is widely used as a reliability-centered maintenance strategy due to the limited maintenance resources.However, existing selective maintenance studies only consider basic reliability, which cannot systematically describe the operating mechanism of a multistate system, thereby resulting in the inability to obtain an optimal mai

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Utilization of the Integrated Management of Newborn and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) protocol and associated factors among health care workers in health centers of South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: an institution-based mixed study

IntroductionGlobally, 11 million children have died before reaching their fifth birthday.The introduction of the Integrated Management of Newborn and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) protocol reduces the morbidity and mortality rates among children under the age of 5.However, the share of neonatal mortality is increasing.As a result, the United Nations ha

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From decentralization to commonization of HIV healthcare resources: keys to reduction in health disparity and equitable distribution of health services in Nigeria

Access to quality care is essential for improved health outcomes.Decentralization improves access to healthcare marc bolan grab services at lower levels of care, but it does not dismantle structural, funding and programming restrictions to access, resulting in inequity and inequality in population health.Unlike decentralization, Commonization Model

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